Notre
Dame de Paris
The site of the
Notre dame is the cradle of Paris and has always been the religious center of
the city. The Celts had their sacred ground here, the Romans built a temple to
worship Jupiter. A Christian basilica was built in the sixth century and the
last religious structure before the Notre-Dame construction started was a
Romanesque church.
Bishop Maurice de
Sully started the construction in 1163. The Cathedral was to be built in the
new Gothic style and had to reflect Paris's status as the capital of the
Kingdom France. It was the first cathedral built on a monumental scale and
became the prototype for future cathedrals in France, like the cathedrals of
Amiens, Chartres or Rheims, just to name the most famous.
It took until 1345 before the cathedral
was completed, partly because the design was enlarged during construction. The
result is an overwhelming building, 128 meters long (420 ft) with two 69 meter
tall towers (226 ft). The spire over the crossing reaches 90 meters (295 ft)
and was added in the nineteenth century by Viollet-le-Duc. The Notre-Dame
Cathedral has several large rose windows, the northern thirteenth-century
window is the most impressive. The massive window has a diameter of 13.1 meter.
Gallery of Kings
The frontal west
facade features three wide portals; above the portals is the Gallery of Kings -
28 statues of Judean Kings - and higher up are the famous gargoyles and
grotesques. The spectacular eastern flying buttresses at the east side of the
building are 15m wide.
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